Gout is a disease associated with a violation of metabolism, when an excessive amount of uric acid accumulates in the body.Salt of uric acid (sodium urates) begin to be deposited in the joints, which leads to their inflammation, and other organs.
In the risk zone are people who use in large quantities meat, spicy dishes that abuse alcoholic beverages.Other factors related to the development of the disease can be obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, nervous stress, heredity.
To confirm the diagnosis, a blood test is done for the content of uric acid.When analyzing urine, protein is diagnosed in it.
Most often, gout affects the joints near the thumbs.Attacks of gout in most cases occur at night or early in the morning.The acute period of the disease can last up to seven days.The disease is chronic with periodically repeating relapses.
Over time, attacks are repeated more and more often, the disease affects new joints, and the destructive of bones can occur.For more than four years sick, dense yellowish tubercles form under the joints for more than four years.From time to time, these formations can burst, whitish crumbs stand out of them.
A complication of gout can be the formation of kidney stones, hypertension, renal colic, damage to the heart muscle and heart valves.
Diet with gout
The diet with gout on the legs involves the refusal to eat food saturated with purines.To reduce the content of uric acid in the body, it is necessary to significantly limit the consumption of animal protein.
Some types of meat and fish, offal, yeast, caviar, mushrooms, legumes, chocolate should be excluded.50% of purines are released into broth when cooking, so it is also not recommended to use broths.This applies to any broths (meat, fish, mushroom).Simple carbohydrates and saturated fats also pose a certain danger.
In the treatment of gout, it is important to eat regularly, do not starve and do not overeat.Fasting, like excess nutrition, provokes the release of uric acid.In the presence of excess weight, extremely sharp weight loss is undesirable.Food should be fractional, at least five meals per day.
It is recommended to arrange fasting days in a week, fruit and vegetables.In the remaining days (2-3 times a week), the use of a small number of lean meat and fish products in boiled or baked form is allowed, in the aggravation stage they are completely excluded.
With gout, the use of a sufficient amount of liquid is required, while canned, carbonated drinks must be avoided.Alcohol is strictly prohibited in any doses, including low -alcohol drinks.It is recommended to drink alkaline mineral water, natural berry and fruit juices (especially citrus fruits), compotes and fruit drinks (especially cranberry and lingonberry), rosehip decoction.
Water prevents the formation of kidney stones.Sugar is not added to drinks, since sugar increases the level of insulin in the blood, and this slows down the excretion of uric acid.Cocoa, strong tea, coffee are limited due to their effects on the nervous system.You need to drink at least 1 cup of liquid 4-5 times a day an hour before meals, the volume of fluid consumed should be 2.5-3 liters per day.
This diet must be adhered to constantly, in case of exacerbations, the diet becomes more strict.
List of prohibited products
- Pork, lard;meat of young animals and parts of the carcass of animals that give an adhesive broth (legs, cartilage, head);
- Broths (meat, fish, mushroom), meat sauces, cold weather;
- Meat extracts (soups from the package);
- Meat smoked meats;
- Offal (liver, heart, kidneys, brains) and dishes from offal;
- Fat varieties of fish, salty and fried fish (with exacerbation);caviar;canned fish (sardins, sprats, sprats);
- Salt and sharp varieties of cheeses;
- Legumes (peas, beans, lentils, beans, soy);
- Cream, fermentation, yogurt;
- Spices and seasonings (mustard, horseradish, pepper, ketchup, tomato paste), with the exception of vinegar and bay leaf;
- Chocolate, cakes, cakes;
- Culinary and other fats of animal origin;
- Raspberries, figs, grapes and all derivatives of grapes (raisins, wine);
- Products made of hot and puff pastry;
- Products containing preservatives.
A list of products whose content in the diet should be limited
- Salt;
- Sausages;
- Boiled meat and fish.Preference should be given to poultry, salmon, salmon, trout.They contain unsaturated fatty acids necessary for fat metabolism);
- Cauliflower, beets, sorrel, spinach, asparagus, rhubarb, celery, parsley, green onions, bell pepper, radish, radish, turnip, tomatoes;plums;
- Mushrooms (white, loads, champignons);
- Butter;
- Salting and marinades;
- Strong tea, coffee, cocoa.
Outside of exacerbation, lean meat and fish can be included in the menu 2-3 times a week in boiled and stewed form.Cutlets, meatballs, souffle are made from boiled meat or fish.Meat, fish, vegetables can be cooked or baked.From time to time, it is recommended to carry out short-term monodites or fasting days: vegetable, fruit (1.5 kg of vegetables or fruits per day), cottage cheese (400 gr. Cottage cheese and 500 ml of kefir).The rice-apple unloading day is useful: 75 gr.Rice is boiled in 750 ml of milk, also boiled 250 gr.apples without sugar (in the form of compote).Rice and apples are eaten during the day in three doses.
During the exacerbations, meat and fish are completely excluded, fasting days are arranged every other day.This alkalizes urine and increases the solidity of uric acid.
Recommended for consumption products
- Chicken, turkey, rabbit;
- Low -fat varieties of fish, seafood: squid, shrimp;
- Sour -milk products: kefir, cottage cheese, low -fat sour cream;
- Milk, adding it to cereals and drinks;
- Eggs, chicken and quail (in any culinary processing, except for frying), omelets;
- Bread made of coarse flour, wheat and rye;
- Cereals, pasta (in moderation);
- Nuts (hazelnuts, cedar, almonds, pistachios), seeds;
- Any dried fruits (with the exception of raisins), honey;
- Vegetables: white cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, carrots, potatoes, eggplant, dill;freshly prepared vegetable caviar (zucchini, eggplant);
- Fruits: green apples, pears, citrus fruits, apricots, peaches, berries (with the exception of raspberries), avocados, pineapples, watermelons;
- From sweets: marshmallows, marmalade, pastille, jam;
- From drinks: lemon tea, green tea, coffee with milk, rosehip decoction, fruit and vegetable juices, fruit drinks, compotes, kvass, mineral water;
- Vegetable oil (olive, linen).
For the first you can prepare vegetarian soups: borsch, cabbage soup, okroshka, peasant soup (with potatoes and cereals), dairy soups.
With an exacerbation of the disease in the early days, only fluid is recommended, then the transition to a milk diet.